![]() ![]() Germany then revived its Anti-Comintern Pact, enlisting many European and Asian countries in opposition to the Soviet Union. This resulted in the Soviet Union becoming one of the Allies. Germany ended the Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact by invading the Soviet Union in Operation Barbarossa on 22 June 1941. Finnish defences prevented an all-out invasion, resulting in an interim peace, but Finland was forced to cede strategically important border areas near Leningrad. The Soviet Union attacked Finland on 30 November 1939, which started the Winter War. Soon after that, the Soviet Union occupied the Baltic countries of Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania, and annexed Bessarabia and Northern Bukovina from Romania. The Soviet Union invaded Poland from the east on 1 September and on 28 September signed a secret treaty with Nazi Germany to arrange coordination of fighting against Polish resistance. On 1 September, barely a week after the pact had been signed, Germany invaded Poland. The Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact of August 1939 between the Soviet Union and Germany included a secret protocol whereby the independent countries of Finland, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Poland, and Romania were divided into spheres of interest of the parties. In 1939 the Soviet Union considered forming an alliance with both Britain and France or with Germany. In 19, the USSR fought and defeated Japan in two separate border wars, at Lake Khasan and Khalkhin Gol, the latter being a major Soviet victory. The Soviets suffered another political defeat when their ally Czechoslovakia was partitioned and partially annexed by Germany and Hungary via the Munich Agreement. In the Spanish Civil War, the Soviet Union gave military aid to the Second Spanish Republic, against Spanish Nationalist forces, which were assisted by Germany and Italy. Relations between the Soviet Union and the major Axis powers were generally hostile before 1938. ![]() Canadian Aviation Museum Windsor Ontario Canada ![]()
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